using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Chapter4_6Expanded
{
    /****************************************
     * This class calucates the change returned for
     * amounts less than a dollar.
     * it creates constants for the values of 
     * quarters, dimes and nickles
     * and also fields and properties for each 
     * denomination. There is a seperate method for 
     * each denomination. The first, for quarters
     * divides the amount passed to the class  through 
     * the constructor by the constant Q (25) and then
     * assigns the result to the property Quarters,
     * and the modulus to the property Remainders.
     * Each of the other methods takes the remainder 
     * and divides it by the appropriate constant
     * Then assigns the quotient to the appropriate
     * property and the modulus back to remainder
     * The methods are private. The only visible
     * public method is the overridden ToString()
     * method which returns all the results as a 
     * string. It uses a built in object called the
     * String Builder to arrange the string to
     * be returned
     * Steve Conger, 10/20/2008
     * ******************************************/
     
    class Change
    {
        //constants
        private const int Q = 25;
        private const int D = 10;
        private const int N = 5;

        //constructor
        public Change(int amt)
        {
            Amount = amt;
            Quarters = 0;
            Dimes = 0;
            Nickles = 0;
            //the constructor calls the methods
            //making sure they are executed in the proper
            //order
            CalcQuarters();
            CalcDimes();
            CalcNickles();
            Pennies = Remainder;
            
        }

        //private fields and properties
 
        private int quarters;

        public int Quarters
        {
            get { return quarters; }
            set { quarters = value; }
        }
        private int dimes;

        public int Dimes
        {
            get { return dimes; }
            set { dimes = value; }
        }

        private int nickles;

        public int Nickles
        {
            get { return nickles; }
            set { nickles = value; }
        }

        private int pennies;

        public int Pennies
        {
            get { return pennies; }
            set { pennies = value; }
        }
        private int remainder;

        public int Remainder
        {
            get { return remainder; }
            set { remainder = value; }
        }
        private int amount;

        public int Amount
        {
            get { return amount; }
            set { amount = value; }
        }
        //methods to convert values
        private void CalcQuarters()
        {
            Quarters = Amount / Q;
            Remainder = Amount % Q;
        }

        private void CalcDimes()
        {
            Dimes = Remainder / D;
            Remainder %= D;
        }

        private void CalcNickles()
        {
            Nickles = Remainder / N;
            Remainder %= N;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
            builder.Append("The correct change for ");
            builder.Append(Amount);
            builder.Append(" cents ");
            builder.AppendLine();
            builder.Append("is ");
            builder.Append(Quarters);
            builder.Append(" quarters, ");
            builder.Append(Dimes);
            builder.Append(" dimes, ");
            builder.Append(Nickles);
            builder.Append(" nickles, and ");
            builder.Append(Pennies);
            builder.Append(" pennies. ");

            return builder.ToString();
        }
    }
}